Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions for Standard VII

Chapter 11 – Marathas: The Protectors of the Nation

1. Name the Following

  1. They came from Afghanistan – Pathans
  2. They settled at the foothills of the Himalayas – Rohillas
  3. The brother of Nanasaheb Peshwa – Raghunathrao
  4. The chief of the Jats at Mathura – Surajmal Jat
  5. Defeated Nizam at Rakshasbhuvan near Paithan – Peshwa Madhavrao

2. Write in Brief

(1) Raising the Maratha Standard at Attock

1) Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded India at the request of Najibkhan and captured Delhi. Later, he returned to Afghanistan with great wealth.

2) Raghunathrao and Malharrao Holkar recaptured Delhi and drove out Abdali’s officers from Punjab.

3) The Marathas chased Abdali’s army up to Attock in 1758.

4) Thus, the Maratha flag was proudly hoisted at Attock, marking the northernmost expansion of the Maratha power.

(2) Conflict with the Afghans

1) Ahmad Shah Abdali, the ruler of Afghanistan, was attracted by India’s wealth.

2) Taking advantage of Mughal weakness, he captured Punjab in 1752.

3) The Mughal emperor sought the help of the Marathas to resist Abdali.

4) Raghunathrao, Jayappa Shinde, and Malharrao Holkar led campaigns in North India.

5) Dattaji Shinde and Jankoji Shinde were later sent to strengthen control over Punjab.

6) At Buradi Ghat, Dattaji Shinde fought bravely against Abdali but died heroically.

7) Abdali captured Delhi again, but after his return to Afghanistan, Raghunathrao regained control and pursued Abdali up to Attock.

8) The final major clash was the Third Battle of Panipat (1761), where the Marathas were defeated.

(3) The After-effects of the Battle of Panipat

1) A whole generation of young Maratha soldiers and brave Sardars lost their lives.

2) The prestige and strength of the Maratha Empire suffered greatly.

3) The Nizam resumed anti-Maratha activities and invaded Maratha territories.

4) Hyder Ali attacked Maratha regions in Karnataka.

3. Arrange in Chronological Order

  1. The Battle of Buradi Ghat
  2. The Third Battle of Panipat
  3. The Battle of Rakshasbhuvan
  4. The Death of Madhavrao Peshwa
  5. The Death of Tipu Sultan

Correct Order:

  1. The Battle of Buradi Ghat
  2. The Battle of Panipat
  3. The Battle of Rakshasbhuvan
  4. The Death of Madhavrao Peshwa
  5. The Death of Tipu Sultan

4. Find the Names of People from the Chapter

N _ n _ _ _ _ _ _ → Nanasaheb

D _ _ _ _ _ _ → Dattaji

N _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ → Najibkhan

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