🌍 Maharashtra State Board – Std. IX
📘 Chapter 9 – Trade
✅ Q.1 Classify the trade taking place between the following regions:
(A) Maharashtra and Punjab
Ans: It is Internal Trade, as it takes place within the same country.
(B) India and Japan
Ans: It is International Trade, as it takes place between two different countries.
(C) Lasalgaon and Pune
Ans: It is Internal Trade, as both places are within India.
(D) China and Canada
Ans: It is International Trade, as it takes place between two countries.
(E) India and European Union
Ans: It is International Trade, as it takes place between India and a group of European countries.
✅ Q.2 Write the correct word – Import or Export – for the following:
(A) India buys crude oil from Middle-East Asian countries.
Ans: Import
(B) Wheat is sent to Asian countries from Canada.
Ans: Export
(C) Japan sends machine parts to APEC countries.
Ans: Export
✅ Q.3 Correct and rewrite the wrong statements:
(A) India is a self-sufficient country.
Ans: India is not a completely self-sufficient country, as it depends on other countries for crude oil, machinery, and certain goods.
(B) The place where there is excess production does not have demand for those products.
Ans: The place where there is excess production creates a supply of those products.
(C) International trade processes are easier than local trade.
Ans: International trade processes are more complicated than local trade.
(D) SAARC works towards economic development and enhancing the social and cultural harmony of the South-East Asian countries.
Ans: SAARC works towards increasing social welfare, raising the standard of living, and promoting regional cooperation among its member countries.
✅ Q.4 Identify and write the type of trade:
(A) Srushti brought sugar from the grocery shop.
Ans: It is Retail Trade, as goods are purchased in small quantities by consumers.
(B) Traders from Surat bought cotton from farmers of Maharashtra.
Ans: It is Wholesale Trade, as goods are purchased in large quantities for resale.
(C) Sameer exported pomegranates from his farm to Australia.
Ans: It is International Trade, as goods are sold to another country.
(D) Sadabhau bought 10 sacks of wheat and 5 sacks of rice from the Market Yard for selling in his shop.
Ans: It is Wholesale Trade, as goods are purchased in bulk for business purposes.
✅ Q.5 Write answers in short:
(A) Create a flowchart showing the types of trade.
Ans:
Trade
⬇
On the basis of quantity of goods:
- Wholesale Trade
- Retail Trade
⬇
On the basis of extent of region:
- Internal Trade
- International Trade
(B) Explain the different types of Balance of Trade.
The Balance of Trade refers to the difference between the value of exports and imports of a country during a specific period.
(i) Unfavourable Balance of Trade
When the value of imports is more than the value of exports, it is called an unfavourable balance of trade.
(ii) Favourable Balance of Trade
When the value of exports is more than the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade.
(iii) Balanced Balance of Trade
When the value of exports and imports is almost equal, it is called a balanced balance of trade.
(C) State the objectives of WTO.
WTO stands for World Trade Organisation. Its main objectives are:
- To provide a platform for international trade negotiations.
- To resolve trade disputes among member countries.
- To monitor the trade policies of member nations.
- To provide technical assistance and training to developing countries.
(D) What is the difference between OPEC and APEC in terms of their functions?
| OPEC | APEC |
|---|---|
| OPEC stands for Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries. | APEC stands for Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. |
| It is an organisation of oil-producing and exporting countries. | It is a regional organisation of countries in the Asia-Pacific region. |
| It controls crude oil production and prices among member countries. | It promotes free trade and economic cooperation among member countries. |
| It regulates oil supply in the international market. | It promotes regional and technical cooperation. |
(E) Write the functions of important trade organisations in Asia.
(i) ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations)
- To promote economic growth in South-East Asia.
- To promote social and cultural harmony among member countries.
- To maintain regional peace and stability.
- To encourage trade among member nations.
(ii) APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
- To promote free trade in the Asia-Pacific region.
- To encourage economic and technical cooperation among members.
(F) What is the importance of marketing from a farmer’s point of view?
- Earlier, farmers sold their produce in local markets and did not receive good prices.
- Perishable goods and lack of grading and packaging caused losses.
- Modern farmers are aware of market trends and international standards.
- They grade, package, and advertise their products properly.
- They use the internet to contact exporters and supermarkets.
- As a result, they receive better prices for their products.
- Therefore, marketing is as important as cultivation for increasing farmers’ income.
✅ Q.6 In the following table, export-import of some countries in the year 2014-15 is given in million U.S. dollars. Make a compound bar graph of the given statistical information.Read the bar diagram carefully andcomment upon the balance of payments of the respective countries.
Ans:
- China has a favourable balance of trade.
- India, the USA, and Brazil have an unfavourable balance of trade.
- The volume of international trade between China and the USA is the highest.
- International trade between India and Brazil is comparatively low.
- China and the USA dominate international trade.
🌟 Final Note for Students
Trade plays a very important role in the economic development of a country. Understanding imports, exports, and international organisations helps us understand how countries are connected globally.