Chapter 11 – Transport and Communication
Q.1 Differentiate Between
(A) Railways and Roadways
| Railways | Roadways |
|---|---|
| 1. Railways are generally used for long-distance travel. | 1. Roadways are preferred for short-distance travel. |
| 2. They can carry very large volumes of passengers and goods. | 2. They carry comparatively smaller volumes. |
| 3. Railways involve high construction and maintenance costs. | 3. Roadways involve lower construction and maintenance costs. |
(B) Transportation and Communication
| Transportation | Communication |
|---|---|
| 1. Transportation is the medium used to carry people and goods from one place to another. | 1. Communication is the process of exchanging ideas and information between two or more people. |
| 2. It includes roadways, railways, airways, and waterways. | 2. It includes radio, television, internet, newspapers, etc. |
(C) Conventional and Modern Means of Communication
| Conventional Means of Communication | Modern Means of Communication |
|---|---|
| 1. They were slow, and messages took a long time to reach the recipient. | 1. They are very fast and sometimes instantaneous (e.g., SMS, email). |
| 2. They required less technology and depended mainly on manual work. Example: Postal services | 2. They use advanced technology. Example: Internet, e-mail, mobile communication |
Q.2 Answer in Detail
(1) “Newspapers are used for communication.” Explain the statement.
(i) Newspapers play an important role in our daily lives.
(ii) They are carriers of news, provide information, and are affordable to all sections of society.
(iii) Newspapers create awareness about social issues and expose antisocial elements in society.
(iv) They also provide information related to education, employment, trade, and advertisements.
Hence, newspapers are an important medium of communication.
(2) Explain how television is a cheap means of communication.
(i) Television is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting images and sound in black and white or in colour.
(ii) It is a mass medium used for entertainment, education, news, politics, and advertising.
(iii) Various regional, national, and private channels allow viewers to watch programmes according to their interests.
(iv) Television reaches even remote areas and provides information and entertainment at a low cost.
Therefore, television is considered a cheap and effective means of communication.
(3) What types of communication can be done through mobiles?
(i) Mobile phones allow direct conversation and instant messaging between people.
(ii) The different types of communication through mobiles include:
- (a) Video calling and video conferencing
- (b) Sending text messages and multimedia messages
- (c) Online transactions such as bill payments, shopping, and banking
- (d) Use of mobile applications for money transfer and online services
Q.3 Name the Following
(1) Five cities with airway services in Maharashtra
Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Kolhapur, Aurangabad, Nashik, and Nanded.
(2) Services available in post offices
(i) Financial Services: Saving schemes, insurance services, and mutual funds.
(ii) Mail Services: Speed Post, postcards, parcels, and courier services.
(3) National Highways near your area
- Mumbai – Goa Highway (NH 66)
- Mumbai – Bangalore Highway (NH 04)
- Mumbai – Agra Highway (NH 08)
(4) Ports along the coast of Maharashtra
Malvan, Vengurla, Vasai, Dahanu, and Gharapuri.
Q.4 Identify the Relation and Match the Columns
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ | Group ‘C’ |
|---|---|---|
| Postal Services | Conventional means of communication | Speed Post |
| Roadways | Comfortable journey | Shivneri |
| Internet | World network of connected computers | Exchange of information |
| Railways | Energy, time and labour saving | RoRo Transport |