Chapter 13 – Life of the People in Maharashtra
1. Complete the Chart
Ans:
2. Which undesirable customs are prevalent in today’s society? Suggest measures for their eradication.
Ans:
In today’s society, there are many undesirable customs and traditions that hinder the development of society. These include dowry, child marriage, gender inequality, caste inequality, etc.
Some of the measures to eradicate them include:
- Strict laws and orders from the government to prevent such customs.
- Creating awareness among people about the disadvantages of these customs.
- Giving penalties and punishments to those who promote inequality and other social evils.
3. Make a detailed note about the festivals celebrated in your area.
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There are many festivals celebrated in Maharashtra. Some of them are:
Diwali
Diwali is also known as the “Festival of Lights.” It is celebrated in the month of Kartik. On this day, people worship Goddess Lakshmi and burst crackers as a symbol of the victory of good over evil.
Ramzan Eid
Ramzan Eid is an Islamic festival that marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan. Muslims observe fast (Roza) for one month and celebrate Eid by preparing special dishes and greeting each other with “Eid Mubarak.”
Holi
Holi is known as the festival of colours. It is celebrated in the spring season. People apply colours to each other and enjoy sweets and festive food.
Gudi Padwa
Gudi Padwa is celebrated as the Marathi New Year. People hoist a Gudi outside their homes and prepare special dishes.
Christmas
Christmas is celebrated on 25th December to mark the birth of Jesus Christ. People decorate Christmas trees, prepare cakes, distribute sweets, and exchange gifts.
4. Use the following points to compare life in the era of Shivaji Maharaj and today’s life.
Ans:
| Sr. No. | Point | At the Time of Shivaji Maharaj | Today |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Transactions | Barter System | Money (Cash and Cashless) |
| 2 | Houses | Village houses made of mud and bricks. In cities, Wadas with one or two storeys. | Permanent, well-constructed cement-concrete multi-storeyed houses |
| 3 | Transportation | Bullock carts, horseback, boats | Bus, railway, aeroplanes |
| 4 | Entertainment | Tamasha, songs and dances | Television, theatres, cinema halls, internet, etc. |
| 5 | Script | Modi | Devanagari and Roman |