📘 Std. 8 – Maharashtra State Board

Lesson 11 – अव्यय स्वामिनिष्ठा

(The Horse’s Loyalty to His Master)

🟣 1. Introduction of the Lesson

This lesson tells us a true story of loyalty.

It is about:

  • A brave king
  • His loyal horse named Chetak
  • A battle situation

The lesson teaches us that:
🌟 Animals are loyal.
🌟 True friendship and loyalty are great qualities.

🟣 2. Story in Simple English

  • There was a brave king named Maharana Pratap.
  • He was riding his horse Chetak during a battle.
  • Enemies attacked them.
  • Chetak was injured badly.
  • Still, he carried his master safely.
  • There was a river on the way.
  • Though wounded, Chetak jumped across the river.
  • After saving his master, Chetak fell down.
  • He died peacefully.
  • A memorial was built in his honour in Mewar (Rajasthan).

🟣 3. Important Words & Meanings

Sanskrit WordMeaning
स्वामीMaster
अश्वःHorse
मार्गःRoad
जलप्रवाहःRiver / Water flow
वेदनाPain
प्राणान् त्यजतिGives up life
समाधिस्थलम्Memorial place
निष्ठाLoyalty

🟣 4. Grammar Note – अव्यय

अव्यय means indeclinable word (word that does not change form).
Example:

  • एव
  • च
  • तदा

🟣 5. All Question–Answers (With Translation)

🟢 1. एकवाक्येन उत्तरत ।

(Answer in one sentence.)

❓ 1) मार्गः कीदृशः?

उत्तर: मार्गः विषमः आसीत्।
Translation: The road was uneven.

❓ 2) अश्वस्य पृष्ठे कः उपविष्टः अस्ति?

उत्तर: अश्वस्य पृष्ठे स्वामी उपविष्टः अस्ति।
Translation: The master was sitting on the horse’s back.

❓ 3) अश्वः किम् उल्लंघयति?

उत्तर: अश्वः जलप्रवाहम् उल्लंघयति।
Translation: The horse jumps across the river.

❓ 4) स्वामी किं स्पृशति?

उत्तर: स्वामी स्नेहेन अश्वस्य शरीरं स्पृशति।
Translation: The master lovingly touches the horse’s body.

🟢 2. प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत ।

(Frame questions for the given answers.)

1) स्वामी अश्वस्य समीपे आगच्छति।

प्रश्नः: कः अश्वस्य समीपे आगच्छति?

2) स्वामी भूमौ निपतति।

प्रश्नः: कः भूमौ निपतति?

🟢 3. योग्य विभक्तिं लिखत ।

(Fill the correct case ending.)

1) तस्य ____ (पृष्ठे) उपविष्टः अस्ति तस्य स्वामी।

👉 तस्य पृष्ठे उपविष्टः अस्ति तस्य स्वामी।

2) तस्य एकः पादः ____ (व्रणितः)।

👉 तस्य एकः पादः व्रणितः।

3) समाधिस्थलं ____ (मेवाडप्रदेशे) विराजते।

👉 समाधिस्थलं मेवाडप्रदेशे विराजते।

4) अश्वः ____ (समाधानेन) प्राणान् त्यजति।

👉 अश्वः समाधानेन प्राणान् त्यजति।

🟢 4. आत्मनेपदी क्रियापदानि चिनुत / लिखत ।

(Write the Atmanepadi verbs from the lesson.)

Example:
लभते, जायते

🟢 5. मातृभाषया उत्तर लिखत ।

(Answer in English.)

❓ ‘पशुषु अपि मानवस्य साहाय्यं कुर्वन्ति’ — इति विषये कथा युञ्जी जानीयाः?

Sample Answer (English):
Yes, animals help humans. In this lesson, the horse Chetak saved his master even though he was injured. This shows that animals are loyal and helpful.

🟣 6. Important Names in Lesson

  • महाराणा प्रतापः
  • चेतकः
  • मेवाडप्रदेशः
  • राजस्थानराज्यम्

🟣 7. Moral of the Lesson

🌼 Loyalty is a great quality.
🌼 Animals are faithful.
🌼 True friendship means sacrifice.
🌼 We should love and respect animals.

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