Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
Standard 6 – Science
Chapter 9 – Motion and Types of Motion
✨ 1. Identify the types of motion.
(a) Movement of the earth around the sun : ……….
Ans: The movement of the earth around the sun is circular motion as well as periodic motion.
(b) Movement of a ceiling fan : ……….
Ans: The movement of a ceiling fan is circular motion.
(c) A meteor falling from the sky : ……….
Ans: A meteor falling from the sky shows linear motion.
(d) A rocket launched from the ground : ……….
Ans: A rocket launched from the ground shows linear motion.
(e) A fish swimming in water : ……….
Ans: A fish swimming in water shows random motion.
(f) The plucked string of a sitar : ……….
Ans: The plucked string of a sitar shows oscillatory motion.
✨ 2. Fill in the blanks.
(a) If a ball is released from the terrace of a building, it comes down in uniform linear motion. On the other hand, it reaches the ground in non-uniform linear motion if it is thrown with force away from the terrace in a direction parallel to the terrace.
(b) The motion of an aeroplane on the runway before take-off is linear.
(c) The kite looking for its prey flies with circular motion in the sky.
(d) Children sitting in a rotating giant wheel have uniform circular motion, while those sitting in a merry-go-round have non-uniform circular motion.
🔍 3. How are we different?
(a) Oscillatory motion and linear motion
| Oscillatory Motion | Linear Motion |
|---|---|
| The motion of a body that swings back and forth is called oscillatory motion. | The motion of an object in a straight line is called linear motion. |
| The object returns to its original position again and again. | The object moves away from its original position. |
| Example: Pendulum of a clock. | Example: A car moving on a straight road. |
(b) Linear motion and random motion
| Linear Motion | Random Motion |
|---|---|
| The motion of an object in a straight line is called linear motion. | The motion that continuously changes direction and speed is called random motion. |
| The object moves in a fixed direction. | The object moves in no fixed direction. |
| Example: Train moving on a straight track. | Example: Flying birds or swimming fish. |
(c) Random motion and oscillatory motion
| Random Motion | Oscillatory Motion |
|---|---|
| The motion that changes direction and speed continuously is called random motion. | The motion in which a body moves back and forth is called oscillatory motion. |
| The object does not follow a fixed path. | The object repeats its motion about a fixed position. |
| Example: Butterfly flying. | Example: Pendulum of a clock. |
✍️ 4. Explain in your own words, giving one example each.
(a) Linear motion
Ans: Linear motion is the motion of an object in a straight line or in one direction.
Example: A car moving on a straight road.
(b) Oscillatory motion
Ans: Oscillatory motion is the motion in which a body moves back and forth about a fixed position.
Example: The pendulum of a clock.
(c) Circular motion
Ans: Circular motion is the motion of an object along a circular path.
Example: The hands of a clock.
(d) Random motion
Ans: Random motion is the motion that continuously changes its direction and speed.
Example: A butterfly flying from one flower to another.
(e) Periodic motion
Ans: Periodic motion is the motion that repeats itself at equal intervals of time.
Example: The movement of the minute hand of a clock.
❓ 5. Answer the following questions in your own words.
(a) Which types of motion are seen in birds flying in the sky?
Ans: Different types of motion are seen in birds flying in the sky:
- Random motion: When birds fly irregularly and change direction and speed.
- Oscillatory motion: When birds flap their wings.
- Linear motion: When birds fly in a straight line.
(b) Write in detail about your experience of various types of motion while riding a bicycle on a road.
Ans: While riding a bicycle, we experience different types of motion:
- The bicycle shows linear motion when it moves in a straight line.
- The wheels of the bicycle show circular motion.
- The pedalling action of the legs also shows circular motion.
- If the speed changes, the motion becomes non-uniform motion.
🧩 6. Complete the puzzle using words for types of motion.
(1) A spring is stretched and one end is released.
Ans: This shows oscillatory motion because it moves back and forth.
(2) A minute hand
Ans: The minute hand shows circular motion.
(3) A seesaw
Ans: A seesaw shows oscillatory motion as it moves up and down repeatedly.
(4-5) Children in a march past
Ans: Children in a march past show uniform linear motion as they move in a straight line at a constant speed.
(6) A stone rolling down a hillside
Ans: This shows random motion because its direction and speed keep changing.
