Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions

Standard 6 – Science

(a) The process of intake of food and utilising it for all life processes is called nutrition.

(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various bodily processes are called nutrients.

(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the right proportion.

(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfil our energy requirement.

(f) Intake of more food than necessary causes overnutrition.

(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits.
Ans: The nutrient present in citrus fruits is Vitamin C.

(b) Vitamins / minerals present in milk.
Ans: Milk contains Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus.

Night blindness: It is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin A, and the symptom is inability to see in dim light.
Scurvy: It is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C, and the symptom is bleeding gums.
Rickets: It is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D, and the symptoms include soft and weak bones, causing pain and fractures.
Beriberi: It is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B1, and the symptom is nerve disorder.

(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
Ans:

To prevent night blindness: Red and yellow fruits and vegetables, green leafy vegetables, milk, and butter should be consumed.
To prevent scurvy: Citrus fruits like lemon, amla, tomato, and green leafy vegetables should be eaten.
To prevent rickets: Sunlight exposure, milk, butter, fish, meat, and eggs are helpful.
To prevent beriberi: Cereals, nuts, pulses, milk, meat, and fish should be included in the diet.

(e) Causes of anaemia.
Ans: Anaemia is caused due to the deficiency of iron and Vitamin B12.

(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth.
Ans: Calcium and phosphorus are essential for healthy bones and teeth.

(g) Sensory organs affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.
Ans: The eyes and skin are affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.

(a) Pulses are a very good source of ________
(1) carbohydrates
(2) proteins
(3) fats
(4) minerals
Ans: Option (2) – proteins.

(b) ________ provide maximum energy to the body.
(1) Cereals
(2) Leafy vegetables
(3) Water
(4) Amla
Ans: Option (1) – cereals.

(c) Goitre is caused by a deficiency of the mineral ________
(1) iron
(2) calcium
(3) iodine
(4) potassium
Ans: Option (3) – iodine.

(d) ________ is a type of junk food.
(1) Orange
(2) Milk
(3) Bhakri
(4) Chocolate
Ans: Option (4) – chocolate.

Conditions:
(1) The diet for all three days should be balanced.
(2) There should be variety in the items chosen for the three days.

Ans:

Day 1: Idli, chutney, sambar, milk, roti, vegetable, dal, and banana.
Day 2: Vegetable sandwich, rice or roti with chicken, curd, and apple.
Day 3: Poha or upma, leafy vegetables with dal, rice or roti, salad, seasonal fruit, and dosa.