Maharashtra Board Textbook Solutions
Standard 6 – Science
Chapter 10 – Force and Types of Force
✨ 1. Choose the term to fill in the blanks.
(a) …… has to be applied to change the ….. of a …… object.
(moving, direction, force)
Ans: Force has to be applied to change the direction of a moving object.
(b) When an elephant drags a wooden log over the land, the forces that are applied on the log are …… , ……. and …….. .
(muscular force, mechanical force, gravitational force, frictional force)
Ans: The forces applied on the log are muscular force, gravitational force, and frictional force.
(c) A ball was set rolling on a large table. If its …… is to be changed, a …….. will have to be applied on it.
(force, motion, gravitation)
Ans: If its motion is to be changed, a force will have to be applied on it.
(d) The force of friction always acts …….. the motion.
(along, against)
Ans: The force of friction always acts against the motion.
🔗 2. Match the following
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ |
|---|---|
| (i) An ox pulling a cart | (c) Muscular force |
| (ii) Lifting a heavy iron object with a crane | (a) Magnetic force |
| (iii) Weighing with a spring balance | (d) Gravitational force |
| (iv) Applying brakes to a bicycle | (e) Frictional force |
| (v) Picking up pieces of paper with a plastic scale | (b) Electrostatic force |
🔍 3. One or more forces are acting in the following examples. Name them.
(a) An object falling from a tall building …
Ans: An object falling from a tall building is affected by gravitational force.
(b) An aeroplane flying in the sky …
Ans: An aeroplane flying in the sky is affected by mechanical force and gravitational force.
(c) Squeezing sugarcane juice with a squeezer …
Ans: Squeezing sugarcane juice involves muscular force
(d) Winnowing foodgrain …
Ans: Winnowing of foodgrain involves muscular force and gravitational force.
✍️ 4. Explain in your own words, giving one example each.
(a) Muscular force
Ans: Muscular force is the force applied by the muscles of our body.
Example: Lifting a book using our hands.
(b) Gravitational force
Ans: Gravitational force is the force by which the Earth pulls objects towards itself.
Example: An apple falling from a tree to the ground.
(c) Mechanical force
Ans: Mechanical force is the force produced by machines.
Example: A car moves because its engine applies force to the wheels.
(d) Electrostatic force
Ans: Electrostatic force is the force between charged objects or between a charged and an uncharged object.
Example: A charged plastic scale attracts small pieces of paper.
(e) The force of friction
Ans: Frictional force is the force that acts opposite to the direction of motion.
Example: A rolling ball stops due to friction.
(f) Magnetic force
Ans: Magnetic force is the force exerted by a magnet.
Example: A magnet attracts iron objects.
❓ 5. Why?
(a) Machines are oiled from time to time.
Ans: Machines are oiled to reduce friction between their moving parts. This helps them work smoothly and increases their lifespan.
(b) An object thrown upwards comes down after reaching a point.
Ans: An object comes down due to the Earth’s gravitational force pulling it back towards the ground.
(c) Powder is sprinkled on a carrom board.
Ans: Powder is sprinkled to reduce friction so that the striker and coins can move smoothly.
(d) The ramp at a railway station has a rough surface.
Ans: A rough surface increases friction, which helps people walk safely without slipping.
🔍 6. In what way are we different?
(a) Muscular force and mechanical force
| Muscular Force | Mechanical Force |
|---|---|
| The force applied using muscles is called muscular force. | The force applied by machines is called mechanical force. |
| Example: Lifting an object with hands. | Example: A crane lifting heavy objects. |
(b) The force of friction and gravitational force
| Force of Friction | Gravitational Force |
|---|---|
| It acts when two surfaces rub against each other and opposes motion. | It is the force by which the Earth pulls objects towards itself. |
| Example: A ball stops rolling due to friction. | Example: Objects fall towards the Earth due to gravity. |
✍️ 7. Write answers to the following questions in your own words.
(a) What are the things that can be done by applying force?
Ans: By applying force, we can:
- Move a body at rest.
- Stop a moving body.
- Change the direction of motion.
- Change the speed of a body.
- Change the shape of a body.
- Change the size of a body.
(b) What is meant by weight?
Ans: Weight is the force exerted on an object due to the Earth’s gravitational pull.
(c) Which machines run on muscular force?
Ans: Some machines that run on muscular force are:
- Bicycle
- Rickshaw
- Hand pump
- Stitching machine
- Hand cart
🧩 8. Solve the following crossword puzzle.
Down:
(1) ……. force is to be applied to push a scooter that has failed.
Ans: Muscular force
(2) ……….. force can be used to pick up scattered pins.
Ans: Magnetic force
Across:
(1) A ………. pulls an iron nail towards itself.
Ans: A magnet pulls an iron nail towards itself.
(3) ………. force was used when the farm was ploughed with a tractor.
Ans: Mechanical force was used when the farm was ploughed with a tractor.
(4) It is due to the force of …………. that raindrops fall to the ground.
Ans: It is due to the force of gravity that raindrops fall to the ground.
